Common Cold vs the Flu: What You Need to Know
You're not alone if you’re confused about whether you have a cold or flu. There's a lot of overlap between cold and flu symptoms.
While the common cold and the flu are respiratory illnesses, they are not caused by the same viruses. Although colds are definitely inconvenient, they are far less likely to develop into anything more serious, unlike the flu, which is much more likely to become serious.
In this blog, we'll help you figure out whether that bug you're fighting is cold or flu and how to tackle it so you can start feeling better sooner.
What is a Cold?
Cold symptoms arise primarily from infections caused by rhinoviruses, tiny and highly contagious viruses. These microscopic agents target the upper respiratory tract, leading to a few general “sick” symptoms. While colds might not be as severe as the flu, they are very common which explains the nickname “the common cold”.
When it comes to cold vs. flu, colds are generally milder than the flu and are more likely to cause runny or stuffy noses (this isn't to say that the flu can't cause stuffy or runny noses; it's simply less likely to do so). When you have a cold, you won't feel good, but you'll probably be able to do some or all of your daily tasks (not that you should: you should try to rest if you can).
Some symptoms of the common cold [i] include:
- Sneezing
- Coughing
- Congestion
- Head and body aches
- Fever
- Sore throat
These are common symptoms, but no cold is the same, and symptoms may manifest differently and vary in severity from person to person. The flu may have symptoms similar to a cold, but it will likely hit you harder, making it difficult to go to work or care for the kids.
What is the Flu?
The flu, scientifically termed influenza, is primarily caused by influenza viruses. There are two predominant strains of influenza (flu) viruses: influenza A and influenza B. These strains circulate among us and play a major role in giving rise to the wave of seasonal flu epidemics that happen each year. [ii]
These viruses are notorious for their ability to rapidly evolve through genetic mutations, leading to the emergence of new strains.
Once these viruses infect the respiratory system, they target cells in the airways and multiply. The flu's capacity to continually adapt and evade immune responses contributes to its yearly appearance and the challenges of developing effective flu vaccines.
Broadly speaking, the flu often feels worse than a cold: you might experience the same symptoms but amplified. The flu comes with more pain and fever than a cold.
Common symptoms of the flu include:
- Sore throat
- Chills
- Fever
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Muscle fatigue or aches
- Headaches
When comparing the flu to a cold, it is important to note that the flu can also develop into more serious conditions and complications, often making it more dangerous than the average cold. These complications can involve severe respiratory distress, exacerbation of existing health conditions, and an increased vulnerability to secondary infections.
Notably, pneumonia, bronchitis, and sinus infections are among the potential outcomes of a flu infection that has taken a more ominous turn. This potential for progression into serious health concerns heightens the gravity of the flu compared to a common cold.
How Can You Treat the Flu vs. Cold?
Flu Vaccination
An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure, and it’s important to note that one can be vaccinated against the flu each flu season. There is no such vaccine for the cold. If you’re healthy enough to do so, receiving the flu vaccine each year can go a long way toward preventing the contraction and spread of the virus.
To get vaccinated against the flu, contact your doctor or local pharmacy.
Over-the-Counter Cold & Flu Medicines
Taking over-the-counter medicines like Maximum Strength Mucinex® Fast-Max® Cold, Flu & Sore Throat liquid gels can help to relieve your cold and flu symptoms. Active ingredients like Acetaminophen (325 mg), Dextromethorphan HBr (10 mg), Guaifenesin (200 mg), and Phenylephrine HCI (5 mg) target multiple symptoms to help you find relief day or night. These convenient liquid gels are perfect to take at home or on the go
For even more flu and cold relief, try other over-the-counter Mucinex® Cold & Flu Products.
Other Precautions
Whether you're dealing with a persistent cold or locked in battle with the flu, the methods for finding symptom relief are similar. To start feeling better faster, prioritize rest and properly hydrate with water, tea, or electrolyte drinks.
To help stop the spread of the flu and cold viruses and protect those around you, stay home from work and social functions, regularly wash your hands, and cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing.
Summarizing the Cold vs Flu
While the common cold is rarely serious, the flu can be very dangerous for young children, the elderly, pregnant women, and people with compromised immune systems.
Watch out for shortness of breath, chest or abdomen pain, confusion, sudden dizziness, severe or persistent vomiting, and flu symptoms that improve but then return with fever and a worse cough. You should immediately consult a doctor if you experience any of these symptoms.
The differences between cold and flu symptoms are often very subtle. The key to taking care of yourself is monitoring your symptoms, like your temperature, to ensure you aren't getting worse. Explore our Cold and Flu Learning Center to get tips on cold and flu symptoms and prevention and to learn more about Mucinex® products.
